Many men experience changes in breast tissue, sometimes beginning as early as adolescence. These changes may lead to physical discomfort as well as significant aesthetic concerns.
The first step in evaluation is usually an examination by an endocrinologist to rule out hormonal conditions that may require medical treatment. Once medical causes are excluded, surgical correction may be considered.
Imaging studies—most commonly ultrasound—are performed to evaluate the composition of the tissue (fat versus glandular tissue) and to rule out other abnormalities.
A physical examination by a plastic surgeon is essential to determine the most appropriate surgical approach. In some cases, liposuction alone may be sufficient, while in others a surgical excision of glandular tissue is required.
Because of the psychological impact that gynecomastia may have, surgery can sometimes be performed during adolescence. However, it is important to understand that recurrence may occur during this stage of life.
